\n
\n\n若您发现自己有如上问题,那么,这些问题在您工作、处理家庭事务,或与他人相处上造成了多大的困难?
\n\n另外,此量表中项目 1 和 4 代表了抑郁症的核心表现,项目 9 代表有自伤倾向,若此 3 项分数大于 1,都要马上就诊。
\n\n声明:此量表用于自测时,评分仅供参考,详细解读应咨询专科医师。
\n\n点击下方链接,可获取您的抑郁指数:
\n\n \n\n贝克抑郁量表(Beck Depression Inventory, BDI)由美国心理学家贝克于1961年编制,并在1996年根据新的诊断标准进行了修订。和 SDS 一样,BDI 可用于患者自评。量表包括 21 个陈述句项目,分值为 0~3分[3]。
\n\nBDI 的计分标准为:将所有项目得分相加即可得到总分,总分的不同范围表示不同的抑郁程度。
\n\nBDI 量表见下文:
\n\n \n\n前面这些可用来自我评估的量表,优点在于比较简单,适合怀疑抑郁者进行初步筛查。但是,测量过程中可能出现理解偏差,造成评估结果误差[4]。在诊断过程中,医生还需要另一类量表——他评量表来帮忙。
\n\n汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)是目前医生使用最为广泛的抑郁障碍评价量表。它包括 17 项、21 项和 24 项三个版本。
\n\n一般采用交谈与观察的方式,由医生根据患者的回答和表现进行评分。评估一次的时间在 10-20 分钟,具有快捷、准确的优点。
\n\n哥伦比亚自杀量表(Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale,C-SSRS)可评价严重抑郁患者的自杀倾向,以及是否有自杀行为。
\n\n该量表由专业精神科医师,根据患者对医生提问的回答进行评分。一旦评分显示有严重的自杀倾向,应采取必要的措施,以保障安全。
\n\n抑郁状态并不只在抑郁障碍患者身上出现,还有一种被称为“双相障碍”的情感障碍类疾病,也常常出现抑郁表现。因此,要诊断抑郁障碍,还需要与双相障碍进行鉴别。
\n\n双相障碍不仅会出现抑郁症状,还会出现与之相反的躁狂或轻躁狂症状,可以使用 HCL-32 和 MDQ 量表进行评估,对临床诊断起辅助作用。
\n\n除了以上常见量表,就诊过程中还可能用到的量表有:
\n\n这些量表对治疗方案的调整和治疗效果的保障发挥重要作用,希望您能配合认真完成。
\n\n共同作者:上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院心理医学科医生 黎杰
\n',thanks:[],op_author:{op_doctor:[{hospital_clickable:0,text:k,prefix:t,hprank:"三甲",sole:0,weight:0,follow:0,doctor_type:1,name:"冯威",position:S,drid:12280,hpid:0,icon:q,hospital:y,department:D,doctor_clickable:1}],op_hospital:{name:t,clickable:0,hpid:0,icon:t,info:t,prefix:t,hprank:t}},op_keyword:[],diseases:[{name:"抑郁症"}],releasetime:"2021-09-16",op_sole:0,image:t,url:t,op_doctors:[],sole_recruit:{count:t,target:t,hospital:[],area:[],disease:[],treatment:[],state:0,purpose:t,drug:[]},size:0,abs:"抑郁障碍量表包含了对患者社会功能的评估,为医生选择治疗方案提供信息参考。",op_hospital:{name:t,clickable:0,hpid:0,icon:t,info:t,prefix:t,hprank:t},op_doctor:{hospital_clickable:0,text:t,prefix:t,hprank:t,sole:0,weight:0,follow:0,doctor_type:0,name:t,position:t,drid:0,hpid:0,icon:t,hospital:t,department:t,doctor_clickable:0},docid:w,duration:0,ref:[],title:"一文了解:诊断抑郁症的心理评估量表",copyright_head:t,tid:6,summary_url:t,source:t,op_class:0,op_copyright:t,embedVideoId:[],tname:N,authorInfo:{doctors:[{hospital_clickable:0,text:k,prefix:t,hprank:"三甲",sole:0,weight:0,follow:0,doctor_type:1,name:"冯威",position:S,drid:12280,hpid:0,icon:q,hospital:y,department:D,doctor_clickable:1}],hospital:{name:y,clickable:0,hpid:0}}},tname:N,docType:1,diseaseName:"抑郁症",audioData:j,relatedDocsInfo:[],showFullText:!1,metaDataType:P,darkModeAdtags:[{adtagName:"sys",mode:1},{adtagName:"jingxun.nr.wz.ss",mode:1},{adtagName:"jingxun.nr.vd.ss",mode:1},{adtagName:"jingxun.bk.jb.ss",mode:1},{adtagName:"jingxun.bk.zz.ss",mode:1},{adtagName:"jingxun.bk.sscz.ss",mode:1},{adtagName:"jingxun.bk.jczb.ss",mode:1},{adtagName:"jingxun.bk.xytym.ss",mode:1},{adtagName:"jingxun.bk.xyhxcf.ss",mode:1},{adtagName:"jingxun.bk.zytym.ss",mode:1},{adtagName:"jingxun.bk.zyspm.ss",mode:1},{adtagName:"jingxun.bk.yxmc.ss",mode:1},{adtagName:"jingxun.bk.jj.ss",mode:1},{adtagName:"huawei.push",mode:1}],sourceid:4}],fetch:{},error:j,state:{searcher:t,footer:t,modal:t,topTip:t,focus:!1,getScore:!1,message:{redpointSwitch:!0,redpointNotifySwitch:!0,redpointState:{},redpointNotifyState:{6:0},msgerList:[],msgList:{},tanyiList:[],newStatus:{7:0,8:0,9:0,10:0,11:0}},adMod:{pageInfo:{routeName:P,docid:w},allModsPriorityConfig:{"related-drugs-mod-bottom":I,"drugs-float-capsule-bottom":_,"business-search-recommend":H,"review-doctor-guide":M,"qb-follow-om-layer":z,"drug-service-float":C,"drugs-float-capsule-right":x,"content-pop-hover":Q,"related-drugs-mod-end":B,"card-list":T,"qb-follow-om-top":L,"content-pop-up":R},modsPriorityConfigTree:{"related-drugs-mod-bottom":{path:s,config:I,children:{"drugs-float-capsule-bottom":{path:"related-drugs-mod-bottom/drugs-float-capsule-bottom",config:_,children:{"business-search-recommend":{path:"related-drugs-mod-bottom/drugs-float-capsule-bottom/business-search-recommend",config:H,children:{"qb-follow-om-layer":{path:"related-drugs-mod-bottom/drugs-float-capsule-bottom/business-search-recommend/qb-follow-om-layer",config:z,children:h}}},"review-doctor-guide":{path:"related-drugs-mod-bottom/drugs-float-capsule-bottom/review-doctor-guide",config:M,children:h}}},"drugs-float-capsule-right":{path:"related-drugs-mod-bottom/drugs-float-capsule-right",config:x,children:h}}},"drug-service-float":{path:l,config:C,children:{"drugs-float-capsule-right":{path:"drug-service-float/drugs-float-capsule-right",config:x,children:{"content-pop-hover":{path:"drug-service-float/drugs-float-capsule-right/content-pop-hover",config:Q,children:h}}},"drugs-float-capsule-bottom":{path:"drug-service-float/drugs-float-capsule-bottom",config:_,children:h}}},"related-drugs-mod-end":{path:c,config:B,children:{"card-list":{path:"related-drugs-mod-end/card-list",config:T,children:h}}},"qb-follow-om-top":{path:f,config:L,children:h},"content-pop-up":{path:v,config:R,children:h}},modsPriorityConfig:{article:{"drugs-float-capsule-bottom":A,"business-search-recommend":J,"review-doctor-guide":U,"drugs-float-capsule-right":W,"content-pop-hover":E,"content-pop-up":F},search_article:{"drugs-float-capsule-bottom":{position:i,input:[],output:[o,d],status:0,visible:0},"business-search-recommend":{position:i,input:[e],output:[d],status:0,visible:0},"qb-follow-om-layer":{position:i,input:[o,e],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"drugs-float-capsule-right":{position:a,input:[],output:[p],status:0,visible:0},"content-pop-hover":{position:a,input:[n],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"qb-follow-om-top":{position:b,input:[],output:[],status:0,visible:0}},drug_combine:{"related-drugs-mod-bottom":{position:i,input:[],output:[e,o,u,n],status:0,visible:0},"drugs-float-capsule-bottom":{position:i,input:[s,l],output:[o,u],status:0,visible:0},"business-search-recommend":{position:i,input:[e,s],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"review-doctor-guide":{position:i,input:[e,s],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"drug-service-float":{position:a,input:[],output:[n,p,e],status:0,visible:0},"drugs-float-capsule-right":{position:a,input:[l,s],output:[p],status:0,visible:0},"content-pop-hover":{position:a,input:[n,l],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"related-drugs-mod-end":{position:r,input:[],output:[m],status:0,visible:0},"card-list":{position:r,input:[c],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"content-pop-up":{position:g,input:[],output:[],status:0,visible:0}},search_drug_combine:{"related-drugs-mod-bottom":{position:i,input:[],output:[e,o,d,n],status:0,visible:0},"drugs-float-capsule-bottom":{position:i,input:[s,l],output:[o,d],status:0,visible:0},"business-search-recommend":{position:i,input:[e,s],output:[d],status:0,visible:0},"qb-follow-om-layer":{position:i,input:[o,e,s],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"drug-service-float":{position:a,input:[],output:[n,p,e],status:0,visible:0},"drugs-float-capsule-right":{position:a,input:[l,s],output:[p],status:0,visible:0},"content-pop-hover":{position:a,input:[n,l],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"related-drugs-mod-end":{position:r,input:[],output:[m],status:0,visible:0},"card-list":{position:r,input:[c],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"qb-follow-om-top":{position:b,input:[],output:[],status:0,visible:0}},overview_detail:{"related-drugs-mod-bottom":{position:i,input:[],output:[e,o,u,n],status:0,visible:0},"drugs-float-capsule-bottom":{position:i,input:[s],output:[o,u],status:0,visible:0},"business-search-recommend":{position:i,input:[e,s],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"review-doctor-guide":{position:i,input:[e,s],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"drugs-float-capsule-right":{position:a,input:[s],output:[p],status:0,visible:0},"content-pop-hover":{position:a,input:[n],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"related-drugs-mod-end":{position:r,input:[],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"content-pop-up":{position:g,input:[],output:[],status:0,visible:0}},search_overview_detail:{"related-drugs-mod-bottom":{position:i,input:[],output:[e,o,d,n],status:0,visible:0},"drugs-float-capsule-bottom":{position:i,input:[s],output:[o,d],status:0,visible:0},"business-search-recommend":{position:i,input:[e,s],output:[d],status:0,visible:0},"qb-follow-om-layer":{position:i,input:[o,e,s],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"drugs-float-capsule-right":{position:a,input:[s],output:[p],status:0,visible:0},"content-pop-hover":{position:a,input:[n],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"related-drugs-mod-end":{position:r,input:[],output:[],status:0,visible:0},"qb-follow-om-top":{position:b,input:[],output:[],status:0,visible:0}}},modsPriority:{article:{tx00037001kwx11k:{"drugs-float-capsule-bottom":A,"business-search-recommend":J,"review-doctor-guide":U,"drugs-float-capsule-right":W,"content-pop-hover":E,"content-pop-up":F}},search_article:{},drug_combine:{},search_drug_combine:{},overview_detail:{},search_overview_detail:{}},mods:{article:new Set([o,u,v,p,e,n]),search_article:new Set([d,f,o,p,e,n]),drug_combine:new Set([s,c,m,o,u,v,p,e,n,l]),search_drug_combine:new Set([d,f,s,c,m,o,p,e,n,l]),overview_detail:new Set([s,c,o,u,v,p,e,n]),search_overview_detail:new Set([d,f,s,c,o,p,e,n])}}},serverRendered:!0,routePath:"/mobile/article.html",config:{app:{basePath:"/",assetsPath:"/",cdnURL:"//staticb.baike.qq.com/yidian/production/_nuxt/"}}}}("","drugs-float-capsule-bottom","float_bottom","related-drugs-mod-bottom","business-search-recommend","drugs-float-capsule-right","float_right","content-pop-hover","qb-follow-om-layer","drug-service-float","review-doctor-guide","article_end","related-drugs-mod-end",void 0,"card-list","top","popup","qb-follow-om-top","content-pop-up","tx00037001kwx11k","复旦大学附属肿瘤医院",{},{},"复旦大学附属肿瘤医院冯威主任医师审阅","主任医师","https://baike-med-1256891581.file.myqcloud.com/2019063/d3220ba0-9402-11e9-8f64-e913eb34978d_0.jpg","精神心理科","文章详情",null,"article",{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{},{})